Dedication                                         v

Foreword                                           vii

Acknowledgments                                    xi

Introduction                                       xiii

    Production of Knowledge: Moving from Data

    and Information to Knowledge and Wisdom

      Information is Not Knowledge                 1   (4)

        Knowledge Era                              2   (1)

        Knowledge versus Information               3   (2)

      Knowledge as Capital                         5   (7)

        Knowledge and the Prosperity of Nations    7   (5)

      Definition and Taxonomy of Knowledge         12  (18)

        Forms of Knowledge                         14  (1)

        DIKW Chain                                 15  (1)

        Tacit and Explicit Knowledge?              16  (1)

        Measuring Knowledge                        17  (2)

        Value of Knowledge: An Example             19  (2)

        Knowledge-Information Cycle: ECIS          21  (4)

        Theory of knowledge                        25  (1)

        Language                                   26  (1)

        Community of Action                        27  (1)

        Knowledge as a Process                     27  (1)

        Uses and Users of Knowledge                28  (2)

      Division and Reintegration of Knowledge      30  (9)

        Process of Reintegration                   37  (2)

      Knowledge Management                         39  (2)

      Wisdom and Strategy                          41  (7)

        Definition                                 42  (1)

        On the Art of Asking Why                   43  (1)

        Wisdom and Ethics                          44  (1)

        Wisdom Based Strategy                      45  (3)

      Human Systems Management                     48  (8)

        The Notion of Change                       48  (3)

        The Impact of Communication                51  (1)

        The Nature of Love and Respect             52  (1)

        The Role of Conversation                   53  (1)

        Purpose and Identity                       54  (1)

        Human Systems                              55  (1)

      Fuzzines, Ambiguity and Imprecision          56  (24)

        Language and Fuzzy Labels                  58  (3)

        Fuzziness and Interpretation               61  (1)

        Negotiated Meaning                         62  (3)

        Meaning from Imprecision: Fuzzy Sets       65  (2)

        Production of Knowledge                    67  (1)

        Knowledge of the Constructed               68  (1)

        Construction of the Fuzzy                  69  (3)

        Cognitive Equilibrium                      72  (8)

    Management of Systems: Global Management

    Paradigm

      Managing in the Global Era: GMP              80  (46)

        Business Process Reengineering (BPR)       83  (1)

        What is BPR?                               84  (2)

        Reengineering as Reintegration             86  (1)

        Continuous Improvement                     87  (1)

        The ``10-90 Rule''                         88  (1)

        The Process of BPR                         89  (2)

        Reengineering and Strategy                 91  (1)

        Customer Integration (IPM)                 92  (1)

        Roots of IPM                               93  (2)

        Role of Feedback                           95  (1)

        The Role of Knowledge                      96  (1)

        Prosumer                                   97  (1)

        Summary of IPM                             98  (1)

        Process Ownership                          99  (1)

        Planning and Strategy Formation            100 (2)

        Mass Customization                         102 (2)

        Customizing Value Chain                    104 (1)

        New Realities                              105 (1)

        Customer-Triggered Production              106 (1)

        Examples of MC                             107 (2)

        Discarding the Old, Learning the New       109 (1)

        Knowledge Beyond Information               110 (1)

        Elimination of Tradeoffs                   111 (1)

        Multiple Objectives and Tradeoffs          112 (1)

        Tradeoffs Graphics                         113 (2)

        Numerical Tradeoffs                        115 (3)

        Optimal Portfolio of Resources             118 (2)

        Intracompany Markets and Amoeba Systems    120 (1)

        Biotic Amoeba Analogy                      121 (1)

        Business Kinetics                          122 (4)

      Forecasting and Foresight                    126 (7)

        Decline of Forecasting                     127 (4)

        Reframing Strategy and Knowledge           131 (2)

      Self-Service and Do-It-Yourself              133 (16)

        Key Concepts                               134 (2)

        Evolution of Sectors of Employment         136 (1)

        Towards Self-Service                       137 (1)

        Work and Leisure                           138 (3)

        Telepresence and Telework                  141 (1)

        What is Telework?                          142 (1)

        Applications of Telework                   143 (2)

        Technical Challenges                       145 (1)

        The Next Best Thing to Being There         146 (3)

      MBA Global Education                         149 (10)

        MBA and the Schools of Business            150 (1)

        Need for Integration                       151 (2)

        What is the Global E-MBA?                  153 (1)

        Mass-Customized MBA                        154 (2)

        Faculty                                    156 (1)

        Online Course Exchange                     156 (1)

        Suppliers                                  157 (1)

        Students                                   157 (1)

        Support Net                                157 (2)

    Producing Networks: Management and

    Self-Production in Networks

      New Economy of Networks                      159 (21)

        Evolution of Management Systems            160 (2)

        Summary of the Four Stages                 162 (1)

        Stakeholding in Networks                   163 (1)

        New Rules                                  164 (4)

        Biological Imperative                      168 (2)

        Evolutionary Approach                      170 (1)

        Strategy Paradigm Reversal                 171 (5)

        The New Economy and the Cluetrain          176 (4)

        Manifesto

      High Technology Management                   180 (12)

        Components of Technology                   182 (1)

        Technology Support Net                     183 (2)

        High Technology                            185 (3)

        High-Technology Environment                188 (2)

        An Example of High Technology              190 (2)

      Autopoiesis                                  192 (37)

        Machine/Organism Dichotomy                 192 (2)

        Autopoiesis (Self-Production) of           194 (1)

        Networks

        Organization and Structure                 195 (1)

        Concepts and Definitions                   195 (3)

        Organizational Embedding                   198 (1)

        The Role of Feedback                       199 (1)

        Summary of Autopoiesis                     200 (2)

        Autopoiesis and Knowledge                  202 (1)

        The Model of Autopoiesis                   203 (2)

        Sustainability and Self-Sustainability     205 (1)

        Regional Enterprise Networks               206 (2)

        TCG Triangulation Networks                 208 (1)

        Eco-Societies and Social Autopoiesis       209 (1)

        Individuals in Networks                    210 (1)

        Social Self-Organization                   211 (3)

        Detection of Autopoiesis                   214 (2)

        Boundaries of Social Systems               216 (1)

        All Autopoietic Systems are Social         217 (1)

        Systems

        Biological Organisms are Social Systems    218 (1)

        Communication                              219 (1)

        Social Neighborhoods                       219 (1)

        Birth-Death Processes                      220 (1)

        Evolution                                  221 (1)

        Closure                                    222 (1)

        Tectology and its Basic Concepts           223 (1)

        Complexes: Formative Mechanisms            224 (1)

        Complexes: Regulatory Mechanisms           225 (1)

        Tectological Implications                  225 (1)

        Transformation                             226 (1)

        Crises                                     226 (1)

        Language                                   227 (2)

    Producing Decisions: Multiple Criteria,

    Tradeoffs and Conflicts

      Multiple Criteria Decision Making            229 (15)

        Types of Criteria                          231 (1)

        Attributes                                 231 (2)

        Objectives                                 233 (1)

        Goals                                      234 (3)

        Vector Optimization                        237 (1)

        Scalar Maximization and Weights of         238 (2)

        Importance

        Interactive Support                        240 (3)

        Multiple Decision Makers                   243 (1)

      Concepts of Beauty, Quality and Harmony      244 (4)

        Beauty                                     244 (2)

        Quality                                    246 (1)

        Harmony                                    247 (1)

      Tradeoffs-Free Decision Making               248 (5)

        On the Nature of Tradeoffs                 249 (1)

        Examples of Tradeoffs                      250 (2)

        New Thoughts on Tradeoffs                  252 (1)

      Conflict and its Dissolution                 253 (11)

        Definition of Conflict                     254 (5)

        Conflict Dissolution                       259 (3)

        Significance of Conflict                   262 (1)

        Prominent Alternative                      263 (1)

      Theory of the Displaced Ideal                264 (12)

        Means and Ends                             264 (1)

        Utility Maximization                       265 (3)

        Ideal Point                                268 (1)

        Displacement of Preferences                269 (4)

        Conclusion                                 273 (3)

    Attaining Wisdom: Wisdom of Management

    Systems

      Management Wisdom of the West                276 (13)

        Henry Ford                                 276 (3)

        Ross Perot                                 279 (1)

        George F. Johnson                          280 (2)

        James F. Lincoln                           282 (2)

        Sir Fletcher Jones                         284 (3)

        Tomas Bata                                 287 (1)

        Homer M. Sarasohn                          288 (1)

      Bata System of Management                    289 (9)

        The System of ``Eight Principles''         290 (1)

        Evolution of Bata Co                       291 (6)

        The Aim of an Enterprise                   297 (1)

      Bata Management Wisdom                       298 (20)

      Wisdom and Culture                           318 (5)

  APPENDIX                                         323 (96)

      (Selected Formal Models)

        A1. Simulation Model of Autopoiesis        325 (16)

        A2. Eight Concepts of Optimality           341 (12)

        A3. De Novo Programming                    353 (10)

        A4. The External Reconstruction            363 (8)

        Approach (ERA)

        A5. Human Judgment and Regression          371 (8)

        Analysis

        A6. Consumer Attitudes Modeling (ADAM)     379 (14)

        A7. Risk Measures and Portfolio Analysis   393 (20)

        A8. Formalism of Fuzziness                 413 (6)

  Author's Biography                               419 (22)

      Human Systems Management, the Journal        420 (2)

      Selected Publications of the Author          422 (19)

Bibliography                                       441 (14)

Index                                              455